Diabetes mellitus, type 2 |
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Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism in which sugars in the body are not oxidized to produce energy due to lack of the pancreatic hormone insulin. The accumulation of sugar leads to its appearance in the blood and in the urine. The symptoms include thirst, weight loss and excessive production of urine. There appears to be an inherited tendency in diabetes, but the disorder can be triggered by various factors, including physical stress. Type 1 diabetes usually starts in childhood and is more severe than adult-onset diabetes (Type 2). Type 1 is characterized by absolute absence of insulin in the blood, while in type 2 insulin is usually present at small amounts or it cannot function properly. The treatment of diabetes is based on a carefully controlled diet in combination with either insulin injections or other drugs that lower blood glucose levels. It is frequently associated with progressive disease of the small vessels, particularly by affecting the eye (diabetic neuropathy). Products: Antidiabetic agents
Acarbose
Acarbose is an oral medication that is used to control blood glucose (sugar) levels in type II diabetes. It belongs to a class of drugs called alpha-glucosidase inhibitors which also includes miglitol (Glyset).
Amaryl
Amaryl (generic name: glimepiride) is an oral blood sugar-lowering drug in a class of medicines for controlling diabetes called sulfonylureas. Glimepiride is related to other sulfonylureas including glyburide (Micronase; Diabeta), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (Orinase) and tolazamide (Tolinase).
Glimepiride is used in type II diabetes, the most common type of diabetes that is found in 90% of patients with diabetes. In type II diabetes, insulin usually is not necessary to control the blood sugar. Instead, diet and oral medications often are sufficient. Intolerance to sugar that results in elevated blood sugar is caused by reduced insulin secretion by the pancreas and resistance to insulin's effects by the body's cells. Glimepiride lowers the sugar level in the blood by stimulating insulin to be secreted from the pancreas into the blood. Insulin causes sugar to leave the blood and enter cells throughout the body.
Glimepiride was approved by the FDA in December of 1995.
Avandia
Avandia (generic name: rosiglitazone) is a drug that reduces the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood. It is in a class of anti-diabetic drugs called "thiazolidinediones" that are used in the treatment of type II diabetes. The other member in this class is pioglitazone (Actos). Another member of this class, troglitazone or Rezulin, was removed from the market because of liver toxicity. Rosiglitazone often is referred to as an "insulin sensitizer" because it attaches to the insulin receptors on cells throughout the body and causes the cells to become more sensitive (more responsive) to insulin. As a result, more glucose is removed from the blood. At least some insulin must be produced by the pancreas in order for rosiglitazone to function. Rosiglitazone was approved by the FDA on May 28, 1999.
Glucobay
Precose is an oral medication used to treat type 2 (noninsulin-dependent) diabetes when high blood sugar levels cannot be controlled by diet alone. Precose works by slowing the body's digestion of carbohydrates so that blood sugar levels won't surge upward after a meal. Precose may be taken alone or in combination with certain other diabetes medications such as Diabinese, Micronase, Glucophage, and Insulin.
Metformin
Metformin is used to treat a type of diabetes mellitus (sugar diabetes) called type 2 diabetes. With this type of diabetes, insulin produced by the pancreas is not able to get sugar into the cells of the body where it can work properly. Using metformin will help to lower blood sugar when it is too high and help restore the way you use food to make energy.
Metformin does not help patients who have insulin-dependent or type 1 diabetes because they cannot produce insulin from their pancreas gland. Their blood glucose is best controlled by insulin injections.
Milgamma
Milgamma vitamins are highly effective in patients with diabetic neuropathy. The therapeutic efficacy of Milgamma was greater in patients with early-stage diabetes as compared with those with advanced diabetic neuropathy. Each drage contens 50 mg benfothiamine and 0.25 mg cyancobalamine.
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