Madopar scientific update |
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Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2006 Jan 20;26(1):113-6.
Jiang XM, Huang Y, Zhuo Y, Gao YP.
Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
[Therapeutic effect of scalp electroacupuncture on Parkinson disease.][Article in Chinese]
OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of scalp electroacupuncture on Parkinson disease (PD) of grade 1.5-3.0 on Hoehn-Yahr scale. METHODS: Thirty patients with Parkinson disease were randomized equally into the treatment group and control group. Patients in the treatment group were treated by scalp eletroacupuncture at the contralateral points of MS6, MS4, MS8, MS9 and MS14 in cases of unilateral lesions or at the bilateral points for bilateral lesions, with also medication with Madopar. The patients in the control group were given Madopar only. The scores of Webster scale and the motor function of United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) were used to for assessment before and after the therapeutic course (6 weeks). RESULTS: Tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia were obviously improved in both the groups (P<0.05). The difference in the score of Webster scale was not significant between the two groups (P>0.05), but the treatment group showed greater improvement in motor functions than the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Scalp electroacupuncture is effective and safe for therapy of Parkinson disease.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2003 Jan;5(1):38-44.
Fischer S, Patzak A, Rietzsch H, Schwanebeck U, Kohler C, Wildbrett J, Fuecker K, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T, Hanefeld M.
Institute and Outpatient Department of Clinical Metabolic Research, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus of the Technical University Dresden, Germany.
Influence of treatment with acarbose or glibenclamide on insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients.
AIM: The aim of our double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to compare the effect of acarbose and glibenclamide on the insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. METHODS: We investigated 77 patients (mean age 58.7 years, mean BMI 27.3 kg/m2), treated by diet alone for at least 4 weeks. The subjects were randomized into three treatment groups for 16 weeks: 100 mg t.i.d. acarbose (n = 25) or 1 mg t.i.d. glibenclamide (n = 27) or one t.i.d. placebo (n = 25). Before and after therapy, the levels of fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, fasting insulin, plasma glucose and insulin 1 h after a standardized breakfast were measured and insulin sensitivity determined by euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp test. RESULTS: After the treatment period, BMI in the acarbose and placebo group decreased significantly, whereas in the glibenclamide group a significant increase was observed. Fasting plasma glucose was only significant reduced under glibenclamide. The postprandial glucose decreased significantly after acarbose (13.8 vs. 11.4 mmol/l, p < 0.05) and glibenclamide treatment (14.6 vs. 11.4 mmol/l, p < 0.05) and was unchanged under placebo (13.8 vs. 13.7 mmol/l). The fasting insulin levels remained unchanged in all three groups, whereas postprandial insulin values increased significantly under glibenclamide. Neither acarbose nor glibenclamide significantly changed insulin sensitivity [acarbose: glucose disposal rate before treatment 2.3 mg/kg body weight/min/insulin, after treatment 3.2; glibenclamide 2.2 vs. 2.1; placebo 2.6 vs. 3.0]. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show a more substantial improvement of glucose control under glibenclamide than under acarbose which, however, was not associated with an increase of insulin sensitivity.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2005 Feb 17;
Savastano DM, Carelle M, Covasa M.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Serotonin-Type 3 receptors mediate intestinal polycose- and glucose- induced suppression of intake.
Ondansetron, a selective serotonin-type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, was used to test the hypothesis that duodenal infusion of isosmotic solutions of Polycose or its hydrolytic product glucose, suppressed intake through 5-HT3 receptors. Polycose suppressed sucrose intake across both concentrations infused (132mM, 7.6 +/- 0.6 ml; 263mM, 2.3 +/- 0.5 ml), compared to intake under control conditions (12.6 +/- 0.3 ml, P <0.001). Pretreatment with 1.0 mg/kg ondansetron attenuated reduction of sucrose intake induced only by the highest concentration of Polycose (4.6 +/- 0.8 ml, P=0.004). Dose response testing revealed that suppression of food intake by 263mM Polycose was attenuated by ondansetron administered at 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0mg/kg equally, but not when given at 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/kg. Acarbose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, attenuated Polycose-induced suppression of food intake and pretreatment with 1.0 mg/kg ondansetron had no further effect. Suppression of intake following 990mM glucose, but not mannitol infusion, was attenuated by pretreatment with 1.0 mg/kg ondansetron. The competitive SGLT1 inhibitor, phloridzin had no effect on 60 min 990mM glucose-induced suppression of intake or the ability of ondansetron to attenuate this suppression of intake. Conversely, glucose-induced suppression of intake was attenuated by phloridzin at earlier time points, and further attenuated when rats were pretreated with 1.0 mg/kg ondansetron. Ondansetron administration alone had no effect on intake at any dose tested. We conclude that 5-HT3 receptors participate in the inhibition of food intake by intraduodenal infusion of carbohydrate solutions through a post-hydrolytic, preabsorptive mechanism.
Diabetes Care. 2005 Mar;28(3):736-44.
Padwal R, Majumdar SR, Johnson JA, Varney J, McAlister FA.
Department of Medicine, 2E3.22 Walter C. Mackenzie HSC, University of Alberta Hospital, 8440-112th St., Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2B7.
A systematic review of drug therapy to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the evidence for the prevention of type 2 diabetes by pharmacological therapies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trials and cohort studies examining the effect of oral hypoglycemic agents, antiobesity agents, antihypertensive agents, statins, fibrates, and estrogen on the incidence of type 2 diabetes were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry, and searches of reference lists. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion and performed data extraction. RESULTS: Ten studies of oral hypoglycemic agents and 15 studies of nonoral hypoglycemic agents were found. Oral hypoglycemic agents and orlistat are the only drugs that have been studied in randomized controlled trials with diabetes incidence as the primary end point. In the largest studies of 2.5-4.0 years' duration, metformin (relative risk [RR] 0.69, 95% CI 0.57-0.83), acarbose (0.75, 0.63-0.90), troglitazone (0.45, 0.25-0.83), and orlistat (hazard ratio [HR] 0.63, 95% CI 0.46-0.86) have all been shown to decrease diabetes incidence compared with placebo; however, follow-up rates varied from 43 to 96%. Current evidence for statins, fibrates, antihypertensive agents, and estrogen is inconclusive. In addition, the critical question of whether drugs are preventing, or simply delaying, onset of diabetes remains unresolved. CONCLUSIONS: Currently, no single agent can be definitively recommended for diabetes prevention. Future studies should be designed with diabetes incidence as the primary outcome and should be of sufficient duration to differentiate between genuine diabetes prevention as opposed to simple delay or masking of this condition.
Metabolism. 2005 Mar;54(3):387-90.
Fujisawa T, Ikegami H, Inoue K, Kawabata Y, Ogihara T.
Effect of two alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, voglibose and acarbose, on postprandial hyperglycemia correlates with subjective abdominal symptoms.
Abstract To assess the possible difference in effectiveness of 2 alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, voglibose and acarbose, the relationship between postprandial hyperglycemia and subjective abdominal symptoms was investigated. A total of 21 inpatients with type 2 diabetes were recruited to a single-center, 2-period, crossover trial. The subjects were given acarbose (150 mg/d) or voglibose (0.9 mg/d) under an isocaloric diet, and the postprandial (2 hours) increment in blood glucose level, M value which is a marker for fluctuation of blood glucose levels, and subjective abdominal symptom score were monitored. There was no significant difference between the 2 agents in postprandial increment in blood glucose level, M value, and subjective symptom score. When patients were divided according to subjective symptoms, however, the sum postprandial glucose increments were significantly different according to the agent ( P = .03), with favorable efficacy in patients in whom the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor caused abdominal symptoms, demonstrating a significant interaction ( P = .04) between treatment and symptomatic grouping. The results demonstrated that 50 mg acarbose and 0.3 mg voglibose had similar overall effects on postprandial hyperglycemia as well as subjective symptoms, but marked interindividual variation existed. Subjective symptoms may be a predictor of the divergent clinical response to each agent.
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Drug category:Antiparkinson agents
 Madopar scientific update
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