Schisandra scientific update |
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Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Jan 15;18(2):523-6.
Min HY, Park EJ, Hong JY, Kang YJ, Kim SJ, Chung HJ, Woo ER, Hung TM, Youn UJ, Kim YS, Kang SS, Bae K, Lee SK.
College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-dong, Seodaemun-ku, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea.
Antiproliferative effects of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis in human cancer cells.
Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis showed antiproliferative effects in various human cancer cells. The methoxy groups at C-3, C-4, C-3', and C-4', the hydroxyl group at C-8', and the stereo-configuration of the biphenyl ring and the angeloyl group might have influence on these activities. Additional studies indicate that one of mechanism of action of an active compound schizantherin C in A549 human lung cancer cells was related to the inhibition of cell cycle progression in G0/G1 phase.
Bioinformation. 2008 Jan 27;2(6):249-52.
Tsi D, Tan A.
Evaluation on the combined effect of Sesamin and Schisandra extract on blood fluidity.
Several studies have demonstrated a link between blood viscosity and various forms of liver dysfunction. Therefore, we investigated the effect of liver protective herbal materials, Sesamin combined with extract of Schisandra chinensis berry (Schisandra) for its potential to improve blood fluidity in humans. Ten human subjects were recruited to study the effect of sesamin combined with schisandra extract (SCH) for two weeks on blood viscosity. Blood fluidity was measured as the transit time for 100mul of heparinized whole blood to pass through a micro-channel array setup at baseline, 1 week and 2 weeks. For safety assessment, blood biochemistry, hematology and urine analysis were taken at baseline, 1 week and 2 weeks after SCH administration. No safety concern and adverse effects were observed during the 2-week continuous intake period. Intake of SCH reduced blood passage time by 9.0% and 9.7% at 1 and 2 weeks, respectively. In conclusion, this pilot clinical study indicates that the combined administration of sesamin with schisandra extract could improve blood fluidity after 1 week of oral intake and this effect was sustained up to 2 weeks.
Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Apr;31(4):602-5.
Chiu PY, Leung HY, Ko KM.
Department of Biochemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Schisandrin B Enhances Renal Mitochondrial Antioxidant Status, Functional and Structural Integrity, and Protects against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats.
Schisandrin B (Sch B), a dibenzocyclooctadiene derivative isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis, has been shown to protect against oxidative damage in liver, heart and brain tissues in rodents. In the present study, the effect of long-term Sch B treatment (1-10 mg/kg/d x 15) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity was examined in rats. Sch B treatment protected against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity, as evidenced by significant decreases in plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. The nephroprotection was associated with the enhancement in renal mitochondrial antioxidant status, as assessed by the level/activity of reduced glutathione, alpha-tocopherol and Mn-superoxide dismutase, as well as the improvement/preservation of mitochondrial functional and structural integrity, as assessed by the extents of ATP generation capacity, malondialdehyde production, Ca2+ loading and cytochrome c release, as well as the sensitivity to Ca2+-induced permeability transition, in control and gentamicin-intoxicated rats. In conclusion, long-term Sch B treatment could enhance renal mitochondrial antioxidant status as well as improve mitochondrial functional and structural integrity, thereby protecting against gentamicin nephrotoxicity.
Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Jul;31(7):1387-91.
Chen N, Chiu PY, Ko KM.
Department of Biochemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Schisandrin B enhances cerebral mitochondrial antioxidant status and structural integrity, and protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.
Schisandrin B (Sch B), a dibenzocyclooctadiene derivative isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis, has been shown to enhance mitochondrial antioxidant status in liver, heart and brain tissues in rodents. Whether or not long-term Sch B treatment can protect against oxidative stress-induced cerebral damage remains unclear. In the present study, the effect of long-term Sch B treatment (1-30 mg/kg/dx15) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury was examined in rats. Sch B treatment protected against I/R-induced cerebral damage, as evidenced by the significant increase in the percentage of 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC)-stained tissues in representative brain slices, when compared with the Sch B-untreated and I/R control. The cerebroprotection was associated with an enhancement in cerebral mitochondrial antioxidant status, as assessed by the level/activity of reduced glutathione, alpha-tocopherol and Mn-superoxide dismutase, as well as the improvement/preservation of mitochondrial structural integrity, as assessed by the extents of malondialdehyde production, Ca(2+) loading and cytochrome c release, as well as the sensitivity to Ca(2+)-induced permeability transition, in control and I/R-challenged rats. In conclusion, long-term Sch B treatment could enhance cerebral mitochondrial antioxidant status as well as improve mitochondrial structural integrity, thereby protecting against I/R injury.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Sep 4;591(1-3):293-9.
Guo LY, Hung TM, Bae KH, Shin EM, Zhou HY, Hong YN, Kang SS, Kim HP, Kim YS.
Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-747, South Korea.
Anti-inflammatory effects of schisandrin isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill.
Schisandrin is the main active ingredient isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill. Recent studies have demonstrated that schisandrin exhibits anti-oxidative effects in vivo. In the present study, the effect of schisandrin on plasma nitrite concentration in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice was evaluated. It also significantly inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema and acetic acid-induced vascular permeability in mice. Furthermore, schisandrin had a protective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. In vitro, our results are the first that show that the anti-inflammatory properties of schisandrin result from the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, which in turn results from the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activities in a RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line.
J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2008 Aug;10(8):789-96.
Yu LH, Liu GT.
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Schisanhenol attenuated ox-LDL-induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation in bovine aorta endothelial cells in vitro.
The aim of this paper was to investigate the protective effect of schisanhenol (Sal) isolated from Schisandra rubriflora Rhed, on human ox-LDL-induced bovine aorta endothelial cells (BAECs) apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in vitro. The BAECs were cultured with ox-LDL (200 mug/ml) in the presence and absence of Sal (10 and 50 mumol L(- 1)) for 24 h. The cytotoxicity of ox-LDL was evaluated by LDH leakage, cell viability and morphological change. Cell apoptosis was estimated by DNA ladder, chromatin condensation, and flow cytometry assay. The intracellular ROS production was detected by using DCF, a ROS probe, with laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Sal was shown to reduce LDH leakage and increase cell viability. Sal also attenuated ox-LDL-induced BAECs apoptosis as indicated in typical internucleosomal DNA degradation (DNA ladder), condensed chromatin, and the sub-G1 peak appearance in flow cytometry assay. Furthermore, Sal was shown to inhibit ROS generation in BAECs with stimulation of ox-LDL. The results indicated that the anti-apoptosis effect of Sal on BACSs might be related to its inhibition of ROS generation.
Phytother Res. 2008 Aug 13.
Caichompoo W, Zhang QY, Hou TT, Gao HJ, Qin LP, Zhou XJ.
School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China.
Optimization of extraction and purification of active fractions from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) and its osteoblastic proliferation stimulating activity.
Extraction and purification conditions of lignans from the fruits and seeds of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) were investigated through an orthogonal design of L(9)(3(4)) assay and macroporous resin technology. The extraction was optimized using 95% ethanol. For purification, the extract was dissolved in 30% ethanol, then adsorbed on a AB-8 macroporous resin and eluted with 30% ethanol and 70% ethanol successively, the latter resulting in a residue containing 65.2% of lignans. By HPLC analysis schisandrin, deoxyschisandrin and gamma-schisandrin were quantitatively determined. UMR 106 cells were used to examine the stimulatory activity of the lignans on osteoblasts in vitro. The lignans stimulated the proliferation of and the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the osteoblasts indicating their potential activity against osteoporosis.
Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2008 Sep;29(9):1006-12.
Choi YW, Kim K, Jo JY, Kim HL, Lee YJ, Shin WJ, Sacket SJ, Han M, Im DS.
Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang-si 627-706, Republic of Korea.
Wuweizisu C from Schisandra chinensis decreases membrane potential in C6 glioma cells.
Aim: To study the effects of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis, such as wuweizisu C, gomisin N, gomisin A, and schisandrin, on the membrane potential in C6 glioma cells. Methods: The membrane potential was estimated by measuring the fluorescence change in DiBAC-loaded glioma cells. Results: Wuweizisu C decreased the membrane potential in a concentration-dependent manner. Gomisin N and gomisin A, however, showed differential modulation and no change was induced by schisandrin or dimethyl- 4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylene dioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate, a synthetic drug derived from dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans. We found no involvement of G(i/o ) proteins, phospholipase C, and extracellular Na(+) on the wuweizisu C-induced decrease of the membrane potential. Wuweizisu C by itself did not change the intracellular Ca(2+)[Ca(2+)](i) concentration, but decreased the ATP-induced Ca(2+) increase in C6 glioma cells. The 4 lignans at all concentrations used in this study did not induce any effect on cell viability. Furthermore, we found a similar decrease of the membrane potential by wuweizisu C in PC12 neuronal cells. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the decrease in the membrane potential and the modulation of [Ca(2+)](i) concentration by wuweizisu C could be important action mechanisms of wuweizisu C.
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Drug category:Immunostimulators
 Schisandra scientific update
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