Xalatan scientific update |
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Adv Ther. 2004 Jul-Aug;21(4):203-13.
University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA.
Efficacy of latanoprost and timolol maleate in black and white patients.
A study was conducted recently to check the efficiency of latanoprost and timolol maleate in black and white patients with elevated intraocular pressure. Around 22 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were tested during this randomized study. Both latanoprost and timolol maleate considerably lowered intraocular pressure from baseline in both black and white patients.
The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of latanoprost 0.005% and timolol maleate 0.5% in black and white patients with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). This double-masked, randomized, 2-period crossover study included 39 eyes in 22 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. After a 2- to 4-week washout period, patients were randomly assigned to receive either vehicle placebo in the morning and latanoprost in the evening or timolol maleate twice daily for 6 weeks. Then, after a 4-week washout period, patients received the opposing treatment for 6 weeks. Both latanoprost and timolol maleate significantly lowered IOP from baseline in both black and white patients. Latanoprost treatment was associated with lower mean IOP compared with timolol treatment in black patients (P = .013 at 8 AM, P = .19 at 10 AM). At 10 AM at the end of the treatment period, the mean +/- SD change from baseline IOP in black patients receiving latanoprost was significantly greater than that of white patients (-10.2 +/- 7.0 and -5.9 +/- 2.5 mm Hg, respectively; P = .042). The mean +/- SD change from baseline IOPs in black patients was not significantly different from that in white patients at 8 AM at the end of the treatment period for the latanoprost group and at 8 AM and 10 AM at the end of the treatment period for the timolol maleate group. In white patients, the change from baseline IOP in light (grade 1) irises was not significantly different from dark (grade 5) irises after treatment with either latanoprost or timolol maleate. In summary, intraocular pressure after treatment with latanoprost was lower than that after timolol treatment in black patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension, and at 1 of 2 timepoints, latanoprost caused a significantly greater reduction of IOP in black patients than in white patients.
J Glaucoma. 2005 Apr;14(2):157-160.
Kaiserman I, Kaiserman N, Nakar S, Vinker S.
From the *Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel; daggerDepartment of Family Medicine, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; and double daggerDepartment of Family Medicine, Clalit He
The Effect of Combination Pharmacotherapy on the Prescription Trends of Glaucoma Medications.
A research report on the efficacy of Pharmacotherapy on the Prescription Trends of Glaucoma Medications. Once beta-adrenergic antagonists were the top-prescribing drug. Now, the prescription rates of pilocarpine and beta-adrenergic antagonists decreased and the latanoprost and brimonidine increased steadily.
PURPOSE:: To describe prescription trends within a managed care setting for glaucoma medications and to examine the effect of introduction of Cosopt(R) -a fixed combination of dorzolamide and timolol. PATIENTS AND METHODS:: All prescriptions dispensed to any of the 470,350 members of an Israeli health maintenance organization were monthly scanned for patients treated for glaucoma, between January 2000 and May 2003. The monthly mean number of glaucoma patients was 3899 +/- 104 (mean +/- SD). All topical glaucoma prescriptions were documented, and the monthly prescription rate of each medication was calculated and plotted. The monitored glaucoma medications were: beta-adrenergic antagonists, dorzolamide, latanoprost, pilocarpine, brimonidine, Cosopt(R), and others. RESULTS:: beta-adrenergic antagonists were the top prescribing drug (>35% of all glaucoma prescriptions). The prescription rates of pilocarpine and beta-adrenergic antagonists were in constant decline, while latanoprost and brimonidine increased steadily. The introduction of Cosopt(R) changed the prescription trends of dorzolamide from increasing to rapidly decreasing, and accelerated the long-term decline of beta-adrenergic antagonists. Concomitant with the introduction of Cosopt(R) the prescription rate of beta-adrenergic antagonists temporarily increased. This was due to a total increase in glaucoma prescriptions. When Cosopt(R) was introduced, 37.5% of patients were prescribed Cosopt(R) together with beta-adrenergic antagonists, and 16.5% also received dorzolamide. Thereafter the co-prescription decreased steadily. CONCLUSIONS:: Introduction of a combination drug should be accompanied by physicians', pharmacists', and patients' education to prevent its inappropriate usage together with its components.
Arch Ophthalmol. 2005 Feb;123(2):186-92.
Blood-aqueous barrier changes after the use of prostaglandin analogues in patients with pseudophakia and aphakia: a 6-month randomized trial.
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Drug category:Cataract and glaucoma
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