Xanthinol scientific update |
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Pharmacopsychiatry. 1990 May;23(3):118-24.
Kanowski S, Fischhof PK, Grobe-Einsler R, Wagner G, Litschauer G.
Psychiatric Clinic, Free University of Berlin, Department of Gerontopsychiatry, West Germany.
Efficacy of xantinolnicotinate in patients with dementia.
Activation of cerebral metabolism and improvement of microcirculation by influencing rheological parameters are claimed to be the underlying pharmacological principles responsible for the efficacy of xantinolnicotinate. This dual mechanism of action led the authors to perform a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in patients with mild to moderate dementia (DSM III), characterized by a score of 40-90 on the Sandoz Clinical Geriatric Scale (SCAG), with a separate randomization for patients with Multi-Infarct Dementia (MID) and Senile Dementia of Alzheimer Type (SDAT). It was calculated that 150 patients would have to be recruited for each group. Allocation to the respective group (MID or SDAT) was based on the Hachinski Ischemic Score and computer tomogram. Preceded by a 2-week placebo run-in period, a 12-week treatment period followed with either 3 x 1 g xantinolnicotinate (Complamin) or placebo. Prior to the study, the physician's rating of the global therapeutic effect from the clinical global impression (CGI) was designated as the primary criterion of efficacy. Secondary efficacy criteria were SCAG, the BGP nursing rating, and, as psychometric variables, tests from the Nuremberg Psychogeriatric Inventory (NAI). The improvement compared to placebo was statistically significant for the CGI in both treatment groups (p less than 0.0001) and hence independent of etiology. Concerning the nurses' rating (BGP), apart from a marginally statistically significant difference for the factor "need of help" in the SDAT group, no remarkable changes were registered during treatment. However, in the SCAG the differences between verum and placebo were significant (MID p less than 0.0002; SDAT p less than 0.0001).
Kardiologiia. 1991 Mar;31(3):18-21.
Atroshchenko ES, Karpova IS, Cheshchevik AB, Kalinina LM.
[Effect of xanthinol niacinate on the autoimmunity and capillary permeability in patients with stable stenocardia] [Article in Russian]
A three-month antianginal therapy with long-acting nitrates and xanthinol nicotinate given in various daily doses have shown that there is a positive clinical effect, a reduction in the level of immune complexes and IgG in most patients, which is followed by a decrease in capillary permeability and dienic conjugate levels both in erythrocytes and plasma.
Pharmacopsychiatry. 1993 Mar;26(2):42-8.
Lehmann E, van der Crone L, Grobe-Einsler R, Linden M.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Düsseldorf, Germany.
Drug monitoring study (phase IV) of xantinolnicotinate (Complamin) in general practice.
For 30 years, xantinolnicotinate has been on the market for the treatment of impaired brain function, i.e., organic brain syndromes of various etiologies. Controlled double-blind phase-III clinical trials have shown that xantinol-nicotinate is an effective drug in the treatment of dementia. Nevertheless, it is also important to assess xantinolnicotinate under routine treatment conditions in order to learn what type of patient is preferably treated, which ADRs can be observed how often, and whether the efficacy claimed by phase III studies can still be seen under routine treatment conditions. Theoretically, the more complex treatment situation in routine practice could lead to major changes in the selection of patients, the type and frequency of ADRs, or efficacy. The treatment of 10,134 patients was monitored in a treatment observation study. Results show that target illnesses are not cases of 'pure dementia', but more complex cases, in which multimorbidity plays an important role, so that the older term 'cerebrovascular insufficiency' seems more appropriate to describe this group of patients. Another interesting group is made up of younger patients suffering from a variety of psycho-organic syndromes. The assessment of therapeutic efficacy, e.g., with the SCAG, shows highly significant improvements during treatment, which are well comparable to those reported in controlled studies. The success of treatment was most expressed in the target symptoms "dizziness", "fatigue", "disturbance of concentration", "affective disorders", and "disturbance of vigilance and vitality". In 87% of these cases, no adverse drug reactions were reported.
Patol Fiziol Eksp Ter. 1992 May-Jun;(3):16-8.
Stepaniuk GI, Ornostaĭ VV, Kozlov VG.
[Comparative evaluation of the wound-healing effect of benzofuracaine, etaden, and xanthinol nicotinate in an experiment] [Article in Russian]
The effect of benzofuracaine, etaden, and xanthinol nicotinate on the healing of skin wounds was studied in rat experiments. On days 1-14 of postmechanical injury, intramuscular benzofuracaine (15, 30, 60, and 120 mg/kg), etaden (20 mg/kg), and xanthinol nicotinate (each drug alone) reparative processes in the skin wounds developed more rapidly and processes of microcirculation in the region of the injury were normalized. The wound-healing effect of benzofurocaine in an ortimal dose of 60 mg/kg was more marked than that op etaden and xanthinol nicotinate. With benzofuracaine and etaden, the skin wounds healed completely by the 14th day of the experiment in 57% and 28.6% of animals, respectively. Such cases were not encountered among animals treated with xanthinol nicotinate and in the controls (untreated animals).
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Drug category:Nootropic and smart drugs
 Xanthinol scientific update
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